Handheld laser welding machine has the advantages of simple operation, high efficiency, wide range of weldable materials, and low maintenance costs, so they are recognized by more and more enterprises. The principle of laser welding metal is simply to use electric energy to convert it into a laser, and then melt the welding wire and the base metal at high temperature to achieve the fusion effect.
However, as a new type of welding equipment in recent years, handheld laser welding machine is prone to some problems during use. When these problems occur, it may affect the welding speed or welding effect. Especially for beginners or new users of laser welding machine, how to quickly solve the common problems of handheld laser welding machines? This article provides you with an analysis of some common problems with handheld laser welder, you can bookmark it so that you can refer to it when you encounter problems.
 
1. Slag splash
In the process of laser welding metal, the molten material splashes everywhere and adheres to the surface of the metal workpiece. This will cause metal particles to appear on the surface of the workpiece and affect its appearance. There are generally three reasons for this problem: one is that the metal material melts too fast due to the excessive power of the laser welding machine; the second is that the surface of the material is not clean; the third is that the gas is too strong.
To solve this problem only need to adjust according to the above three reasons. Properly reduce the power of the laser welder; clean the surface of the metal material; reduce the gas pressure.
 
2. The weld is too high
If the weld seam is significantly higher than the normal level during laser welding, resulting in a wide weld seam, it will look very unsightly. The reason for this problem is that the wire feed speed is too fast, or the welding speed is too slow.
To solve this problem only need to reduce the wire feed speed in the laser welding system; or increase the welding speed.
 
3. Welding offset
Laser welding of metal does not solidify at material joints. The presence of this inaccurate positioning can lead to a failure to complete the welded metal parts. The reason for this problem is that the positioning is not accurate during welding, or the position of the wire feeding and the laser irradiation is not consistent.
To solve this problem, it is necessary to adjust the laser offset and swing angle in the board; or check whether there is any deviation in the connection between the wire feeder and the laser head.
 
4. The color of the weld is too dark
When laser welding stainless steel, aluminum alloy and other materials, the color of the weld is too dark, which will cause a strong contrast between the weld and the surface of the material, which will affect the appearance of the finished product. The reason for this phenomenon is that the power of the handheld laser welder is too small, resulting in insufficient combustion, or the welding speed is too fast.
The solution to this problem is to increase the power of the fiber laser welding machine; or reduce the speed of the laser welding.
 
5. Corner welding is uneven
When laser welding the inner and outer corners of the workpiece, if the speed and posture are not adjusted at the corners, the problem of uneven welding at the corners will occur uniformly. This affects both the strength of the weld and the aesthetics of the weld.
To solve this problem, the focus offset can be adjusted in the laser welding system, so that the handheld laser welding gun can carry out welding work on the side.
 
6. Weld depression
Depression occurs at the joint of the welded workpiece, which will lead to insufficient welding strength and unqualified finished products. This problem occurs because the power of the laser welder is too high; or the laser focus is set incorrectly, resulting in a deep weld pool and excessive melting of the material, which in turn causes the weld to sink.
Solving this problem requires adjusting the power of the laser welding machine; or adjusting the laser focus.
 
7. Uneven thickness of weld
After laser welding the workpiece, the phenomenon of uneven thickness of the weld appears. Welds are sometimes too large, sometimes too small, and sometimes normal. This problem is often caused by light output or wire feed errors.
To solve this problem, it is necessary to check the stability of the laser and wire feeder, including power supply voltage, cooling system, laser welding system and other aspects.
 
8. Grooves appear in welding
If the welding seam is not well combined with the material, there will be grooves and other conditions, which will seriously affect the welding quality. This problem occurs when the laser welding speed is too fast, so that the molten pool is not evenly distributed on both sides of the material; or when the material gap is large and the filling material is insufficient.
To solve this problem, it is necessary to adjust the power and speed of the laser welder according to the strength of the material and the size of the weld; or to perform filling or repair work in the later stage.
 

When using a fiber laser welding machine, you should also pay attention to the following issues:

 
1. When welding work, the nozzle of the laser welding torch should be downward. If the vertical welding is from top to bottom, it may cause sparks to fall into the welding torch head and cause damage to the laser lens. During flat welding, the laser welding torch head should be welded from front to back at an oblique angle of 45° with the material.
 
2. When replacing the protective lens for the fiber laser welding machine, pay attention to doing it in a clean environment. The exterior of the laser welding torch head should be protected with textured paper as much as possible to avoid dust entering the interior and damaging the lens during long-term use.
 
3. When the wire feeder is stuck, it is necessary to check whether the laser welding gun is normal, whether the wire feeding tube is normal, and whether the wire reel rotates normally. Especially when welding aluminum, we must pay attention to this problem, because the hardness of aluminum is low, so it is easy to cause stuck and poor wire feeding.
 
The above are the problems that users may encounter when operating the handheld laser welder. They only need to find the cause of the failure according to the introduction in this article, and then adjust it according to the specific situation. Although the fiber laser welding machine encounters some welding problems, as long as you master the correct welding method, after a period of operation, you will quickly become a skilled laser welder operator. And the flexibility and efficiency of laser welding machines will bring even greater benefits to your workshop.