Factors affecting the cutting quality of laser cutting machines

    The parameters of laser cutting machine are very important, it directly affects the quality and effect of cutting. So, how to treat these professional performance parameters when choosing a laser cutting machine? Here is how to look at them.

    1. The influence of auxiliary air pressure

    In laser cutting, the auxiliary air pressure can blow off the slag and cool the heat affected zone. The auxiliary gas includes oxygen, compressed air, nitrogen and inert gas. For some metal and non-metal materials, inert gas or compressed air is usually used to prevent the material from burning. Such as the cutting of aluminum alloy materials. Most metal materials use active gas (such as oxygen), because oxygen can oxidize the metal surface and improve cutting efficiency. When the auxiliary air pressure is too high, eddy currents will appear on the surface of the material, which will weaken the ability of the material to remove the melt, resulting in a wider cutting gap and rough cutting surface; when the air pressure is too low, the melt cannot be completely blown away, and the lower surface will Attached to the slag. Therefore, the auxiliary gas pressure should be adjusted to obtain the best cutting quality.

    2. The influence of laser power

    The size of the laser power has a great influence on the cutting speed, cutting width, cutting thickness and cutting quality. The required power depends on the characteristics of the material and the cutting mechanism. For example, materials with good thermal conductivity, high melting point, and high reflectivity require larger laser power. Generally, under other conditions, laser cutting has the best laser power for cutting quality. Further reducing or increasing the power will cause slag hanging or overheating, which will result in a decline in processing quality.

    In addition, as the discharge voltage increases, the laser intensity will increase as the input peak power increases, the spot diameter increases, and the slit width increases accordingly; as the pulse width increases, the average laser power increases, and the The slit width increases; generally, as the pulse frequency increases, the slit width also becomes wider. When the frequency exceeds a certain value, the slit width will decrease.

    3. The influence of cutting speed

    In the laser cutting process, the cutting speed has a considerable influence on the quality of the cut material. The ideal cutting speed will make the cutting surface present a relatively stable line, and there is no slag at the bottom of the material. When the auxiliary gas pressure and laser power are fixed, there is a non-linear inverse relationship between the cutting speed and the slit width. When the cutting speed is relatively slow, the action time of the laser energy in the slit will be prolonged, resulting in an increase in the width of the slit. When the speed is too slow, the action time of the laser beam is too long, the upper slit and the lower slit of the workpiece are greatly different, the cutting quality is reduced, and the production efficiency is greatly reduced. As the cutting speed increases, the action time of the laser energy on the workpiece becomes shorter, the heat diffusion effect and heat conduction effect decrease, and the slit width decreases accordingly. When the cutting speed is too fast, due to insufficient cutting heat input, the workpiece material to be cut will not be affected. This phenomenon belongs to incomplete cutting, and the molten material cannot be blown out in time. These molten materials will re-weld the cutting seams.

    4. Influence of focus position

    The focus position is the distance from which the laser is focused to the surface of the workpiece, which directly affects the surface roughness of the workpiece, the slope and width of the slit, and the adhesion of the slag. If the focus position is too high, it will increase the heat absorbed by the lower end of the cut workpiece. When the cutting speed and auxiliary air pressure are fixed, the cutting material and the material close to the cutting weld will flow on the lower surface in the form of liquid. After cooling, the molten material will stick to the lower surface of the workpiece like a ball; if the position is lagging, it will Reduce the heat absorbed by the lower surface of the cut material, so that the material in the cutting seam cannot be completely melted, and some sharp and short residues will adhere to the lower surface of the board. In general, the focus position should be on the surface of the workpiece or slightly lower, but different materials have different requirements. When cutting carbon steel, when the focus is on the surface of the steel plate, the cutting quality is better; when cutting stainless steel, when the focus is about 1/2 of the thickness of the steel plate, the effect is better.

 

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    Unique advantages of laser cutting machine in the processing industry

    The flexibility, rapidity, one-time molding of the laser cutting machine, no mold opening, suitable for the processing of high resistance metal materials such as stainless steel, aluminum veneer, brass and copper, can help manufacturers achieve artistic creation, personalized customization and small Mass customization. The designer designs the lighting, makes the processing mode, and then writes the program into the laser cutting machine, which can process the metal contour and finally make the metal lighting. It can better adapt to the ever-changing market demands of the lighting processing industry and help companies out of fierce market competition.

    The specific advantages of laser cutting machine used in metal lighting processing industry are as follows:

    1. Laser cutting technology belongs to non-contact processing. The surface of the workpiece is irradiated with a high-density laser beam to realize smelting. High-pressure gas blows away the slag and completes the cutting action. The whole process belongs to CNC machining, without contact and deformation.

    2. The laser cutting machine is not limited by the complexity of graphics. The processing speed is fast, the precision is high, and the cutting section is beautiful. It can process the original cooling metal materials into artistic patterns. Under the action of light, the metal pattern is more refined and high-end.

    3. In terms of aesthetics, the laser beam of the laser cutting machine is concentrated in a small area. Due to the concentration of energy, only a small amount of heat is transferred to other parts of the steel, resulting in little or no deformation. Therefore, the processing accuracy is high, the section is smooth, and there is no stress deformation. The processed stainless steel plate has a high "color value" .