CNC engraving technology is the combination of traditional engraving technology and modern CNC technology.CNC engraving machine integrates computer aided design (CAD) technology, computer aided manufacturing (CAM) technology, numerical control (NC) technology and precision manufacturing technology, which is a new unique and advanced CNC machining machine tool.Compared with the traditional CNC equipment, the engraving machine has the advantages of high speed, high processing efficiency of soft materials, good surface quality and high cost performance.With the advent of CNC technology, cutting tools can be controlled by computer, so that wood products curve, carving, drilling, grooving and other complex processes to achieve mechanization and automation.

    1. Structure of CNC engraving machine

    CNC engraving machine is mainly composed of engraving machine tool, electric control cabinet, control computer, engraving control software and other basic parts, while engraving machine is composed of working table base, fixed working table, movable gantry frame and spindle.

    The spindle cutting tool moves in the direction of X and Z axis, and the gantry frame moves in the direction of Y axis, thus forming a three-coordinate and three-axis linkage mechanism. The CNC engraving system is mainly composed of two relatively independent parts from the perspective of function.

    (1) Engraving CAD/CAM software: it is used for engraving product graphic design, body modeling and calculation of engraving product processing path data, output NC code that can be identified, interpreted and finally completed by CNC engraving machine.

    (2)CNC engraving equipment: the engraving machine tool, which is the specific part of CNC engraving, can interpret the NC machining code output by the engraving CAD/AM software, perform various complex machining actions described by the machining code, and complete the engraving production task.

 

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    2, engraving graphics finishing path programming and processing methods

    The commonly used software for engraving graphic design is CAD graphic auxiliary design software, and the common programming software for CNC engraving machine includes TYPE3, Wintai, Cimatron ARTCAM, etc.

    (1) Analyze and sort out the design drawings to determine the processing technology

    First of all, we should carefully study THE CAD design drawings, according to the specific requirements of processing, analyze which parts of the parts to be processed should be engraved, belong to Yin carving or Yang carving, and on the basis of the original design drawings to delete or draw an accurate path.When sorting out CAD drawings, it is necessary to pay attention to the CAD graphics should not have redundant lines and points, if there should be deleted or re-edit, it is better to edit broken lines or scattered lines into a whole multi-segment line, the plane graphics plane domain to be processed into the overall graphics, in order to edit the tool path in The Ventai programming software.If there are redundant lines or points in the processed CAD graphics, it is easy to make mistakes when programming with The Ventai programming software, resulting in deviation or repetition of the path, resulting in processing errors.

    (2) Edit and carve processing tools, processing parameters and generated tool paths

    CNC engraving is accomplished by computer control of the execution parts of the machine tool and controlled by numerical machining instructions.That is, the operator USES V8 Ventai engraving design software to draw accurate engraving data graphics according to the requirements of engraving processing based on the formed process planning and design drawing.The engraving graphics are the basis of the operation command generation of the engraving machine, and the key to the smooth completion of the engraving graphics drawing is to master the drawing and editing commands of the engraving software.

    Cutting tool path is in the process of the machine tool processing line cutting tool center orbit, and processing procedures and engraving machine carving work instruction, it is made of engraving software according to the operation personnel of process planning and designing the data graphic calculation with how to control CNC engraving machine in the machining process with a knife, determine the cutting depth and feed processing program.

    The generation of tool path is completed by carving software, the key of which is to make the correct process planning according to the processing figure, the processing material and the processing tool, and the engraving software calculates the tool path according to the planned art and carving design figure.

    Generating tool path can be divided into the following six steps:

    (1)choose to carve processing graphics

    (2) choose the engraving processing method, and determine the engraving scope

    (3) Select the engraving tool and modify the calculation Settings

    (4) choose the engraving material, and set the cutting parameters

    (5) Generate engraving processing parameters;

    (6)generate tool paths

    Before the CNC engraving machine starts automatic processing, the operator will load the processing program, select the tool for loading and unloading, clamp the material and set the cutting parameters. In other work, the engraving machine will carry out cutting processing with the tool according to the tool path calculated by the engraving software. The machining process will be carried out automatically without intervention during normal processing.